B1Lesson 8: Sentence Architecture

Objects, complements and predicatives

Brazilian sentences often expand around direct objects, indirect complements, and predicative elements. Seeing these roles clearly makes longer clauses easier to read and produce.

The Core Idea

Brazilian sentences often expand around direct objects, indirect complements, and predicative elements. Seeing these roles clearly makes longer clauses easier to read and produce.
Once you can distinguish objects, complements, and predicatives, the internal logic of the sentence becomes much clearer. That matters for pronouns, agreement, passive forms, and clause building.

Structure Snapshot

  • verb + direct object / verb + prepositional complement / subject or object + predicative

Main Rules at a Glance

StepRule
Rule 1A direct object normally answers "what?" or "whom?": "comprei o ingresso".
Rule 2A prepositional complement depends on the verb, noun, or adjective: "gostar de música", "precisar de ajuda".
Rule 3A subject predicative says what the subject is like or becomes: "o apartamento está vazio".
Rule 4An object predicative says what someone calls, considers, or makes the object: "chamaram o menino de gênio".

How It Works

  1. A direct object normally answers "what?" or "whom?": "comprei o ingresso".
  2. A prepositional complement depends on the verb, noun, or adjective: "gostar de música", "precisar de ajuda".
  3. A subject predicative says what the subject is like or becomes: "o apartamento está vazio".
  4. An object predicative says what someone calls, considers, or makes the object: "chamaram o menino de gênio".

Usage and Register

  • Some verbs alternate between different complement patterns and change meaning slightly.

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