Meaning
To kick the bucket / To die
Example
Se o Ricardo não cuidar da saúde, vai bater as botas em breve!
If Ricardo doesn't take care of his health, he'll kick the bucket soon!
Origin
The origin of bater as botas ("to bang the boots") is uncertain and likely folk in nature. The most repeated account ties it to the 1624 Dutch invasion of Brazil, when conscripts unused to their heavy boots are said to have stumbled and become easy targets, so that the dead were described as having "banged their boots."
Source: Só Português.
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More idioms
Acertar na moscaTo guess correctly / To hit the nail on the headAmigo da onçaA fake/false friendAndar na linhaTo toe the line / To behave properlyArmar um barracoTo cause a public sceneRodar a baianaTo cause a public scene / To go ballisticArrumar sarna pra se coçarTo ask for troubleArrastar as asasTo hit on someone / To flirtAbrir o jogoTo come clean / To open upArregaçar as mangasTo roll up one's sleeves / To get to workAgarrar com unhas e dentesTo hold on for dear life / To seize an opportunity