快速答案
advertir 带有警告或劝诫；avisar 是更广泛的日常通知。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
advertir
to warn or admonish
Use advertir for calling attention to a risk, fault, or serious consequence.
avisar
to notify or let know
Use avisar for giving practical information or a warning in everyday language.
如何选择
- advertir: Choose advertir if the sentence points to calling attention to a risk, fault, or serious consequence.
- avisar: Choose avisar if the sentence points to giving practical information or a warning in everyday language.
例句
O médico advertiu sobre os riscos do tratamento.
The doctor warned about the risks of the treatment.
Avise quando você chegar.
Let me know when you arrive.
常见误区
An aviso can be neutral. Advertir normally presupposes something the listener should avoid, correct, or take seriously.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 advertir，一次用 avisar。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。