快速答案
este 指说话者附近的事物，esse 指听话者附近或前文提到的事物，aquele 指离双方都较远的事物。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
este
this one near me
Use este for something close to the speaker or being introduced now.
esse
that one near you
Use esse for something near the listener or already mentioned.
aquele
that one over there
Use aquele for something distant from both speaker and listener.
如何选择
- este: Choose este if the sentence points to something close to the speaker or being introduced now.
- esse: Choose esse if the sentence points to something near the listener or already mentioned.
- aquele: Choose aquele if the sentence points to something distant from both speaker and listener.
例句
Este livro é meu.
This book is mine.
Esse copo é seu.
That glass is yours.
Aquele prédio é alto.
That building over there is tall.
常见误区
In everyday Brazilian speech, esse often replaces este. Aquele still clearly marks greater distance.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 este，一次用 esse。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。