快速答案
ônus 强调负担或不利后果；encargo 强调被分配的职责或附加费用。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
ônus
burden or disadvantage
Use ônus for a legal, financial, or practical burden attached to a choice, right, or claim.
encargo
charge, duty, or assigned burden
Use encargo for a responsibility entrusted to someone or an additional financial charge.
如何选择
- ônus: Choose ônus if the sentence points to a legal, financial, or practical burden attached to a choice, right, or claim.
- encargo: Choose encargo if the sentence points to a responsibility entrusted to someone or an additional financial charge.
例句
Cabe ao autor o ônus da prova.
The burden of proof falls on the claimant.
Ela assumiu o encargo de coordenar a equipe.
She took on the duty of coordinating the team.
常见误区
Both can be financial. Preserve fixed expressions such as ônus da prova and encargos trabalhistas rather than swapping them.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 ônus，一次用 encargo。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。