快速答案
relatar 展开叙述事件；reportar 强调向上级、机构或渠道报告。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
relatar
to recount or document
Use relatar for giving an ordered account of facts, experiences, or events.
reportar
to report upward or to a channel
Use reportar for communicating an occurrence to an authority, organization, or reporting system.
如何选择
- relatar: Choose relatar if the sentence points to giving an ordered account of facts, experiences, or events.
- reportar: Choose reportar if the sentence points to communicating an occurrence to an authority, organization, or reporting system.
例句
A testemunha relatou o que viu.
The witness recounted what she saw.
O analista reportou a falha à diretoria.
The analyst reported the failure to management.
常见误区
In careful prose, do not use reportar merely as a fashionable replacement for relatar. Choose it when the reporting destination matters.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 relatar，一次用 reportar。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。