快速答案
atingir 常强调接触或冲击；alcançar 强调到达或成功实现目标。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
atingir
to hit, reach, or affect
Use atingir for making contact with a target, level, place, or person, sometimes with harmful impact.
alcançar
to reach, catch up with, or achieve
Use alcançar for successfully arriving at a target, goal, person, or level.
如何选择
- atingir: Choose atingir if the sentence points to making contact with a target, level, place, or person, sometimes with harmful impact.
- alcançar: Choose alcançar if the sentence points to successfully arriving at a target, goal, person, or level.
例句
A tempestade atingiu o litoral.
The storm hit the coast.
A equipe alcançou a meta anual.
The team achieved its annual target.
常见误区
Both can reach a number or goal. For harm or physical impact, atingir is clearer; for achievement, alcançar is often warmer.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 atingir，一次用 alcançar。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。