快速答案
prejudicar 泛指造成损害或不利；danificar 指对结构或功能造成具体损坏。
可靠的方法是先判断这个词在句子里的功能，再翻译。
每个词的作用
prejudicar
to harm, hinder, or put at a disadvantage
Use prejudicar for damaging someone’s interests, health, performance, rights, or chances.
danificar
to damage
Use danificar for causing physical or functional damage to an object, structure, or system.
如何选择
- prejudicar: Choose prejudicar if the sentence points to damaging someone’s interests, health, performance, rights, or chances.
- danificar: Choose danificar if the sentence points to causing physical or functional damage to an object, structure, or system.
例句
O atraso prejudicou os passageiros.
The delay harmed the passengers.
A água danificou o computador.
The water damaged the computer.
常见误区
A broken machine is danificada. A person, plan, or result is usually prejudicado unless physical injury is the focus.
放到语境中练习
从你的真实生活中选一个句子，写两遍：一次用 prejudicar，一次用 danificar。如果两个版本都可以，说明意思怎样变化。