手早い答え
emprestar は通常貸す側から、pedir emprestado は借りる側から明確に表現します。
確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。
それぞれの単語の働き
emprestar
to lend
Use emprestar for giving something temporarily with the expectation of getting it back.
pedir emprestado
to borrow
Use pedir emprestado for asking to use someone else’s thing temporarily.
選び方
- emprestar: Choose emprestar if the sentence points to giving something temporarily with the expectation of getting it back.
- pedir emprestado: Choose pedir emprestado if the sentence points to asking to use someone else’s thing temporarily.
例文
Vou emprestar meu livro ao João.
I am going to lend my book to João.
Posso pedir seu lápis emprestado?
May I borrow your pencil?
よくある落とし穴
Some Brazilians also use emprestar for borrowing. When direction could be unclear, say emprestar a alguém or pedir emprestado de alguém.
文脈の中で練習する
自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はemprestarで、もう一度はpedir emprestadoで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。