A1Lesson 3: Present Indicative & Modal Verbs
Portuguese has two verbs meaning "to be" – ser and estar – each with distinct uses and completely irregular conjugations that must be memorized.
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| Adjective | With SER | With ESTAR |
|---|---|---|
| bom | ser bom (be a good person) | estar bom (taste good/be well) |
| mau | ser mau (be a bad person) | estar mau (be sick/taste bad) |
| pronto | ser pronto (be punctual) | estar pronto (be ready) |
| vivo | ser vivo (be clever) | estar vivo (be alive) |
Events use ser for location:
But people and objects use estar: