手早い答え
despender は資源を費やし、dispensar は解放・免除したり不要としたりします。
確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。
それぞれの単語の働き
despender
to expend
Use despender for spending money, time, energy, or effort on something.
dispensar
to dismiss, exempt, or do without
Use dispensar for releasing someone, waiving a requirement, or not needing something.
選び方
- despender: Choose despender if the sentence points to spending money, time, energy, or effort on something.
- dispensar: Choose dispensar if the sentence points to releasing someone, waiving a requirement, or not needing something.
例文
O projeto despendeu mais recursos do que o previsto.
The project expended more resources than expected.
O regulamento dispensa a apresentação do documento.
The regulation waives presentation of the document.
よくある落とし穴
Despender is formal and normally concerns expenditure. Do not confuse its conjugation with forms of dispensar.
文脈の中で練習する
自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はdespenderで、もう一度はdispensarで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。