手早い答え
trocar は一つを別のものに交換し、mudar は状況を変えたり引っ越したりすることです。
確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。
それぞれの単語の働き
trocar
to exchange, replace, or switch
Use trocar for one thing taking the place of another, often in a direct swap.
mudar
to change or move
Use mudar for a change of state, habit, opinion, address, or residence.
選び方
- trocar: Choose trocar if the sentence points to one thing taking the place of another, often in a direct swap.
- mudar: Choose mudar if the sentence points to a change of state, habit, opinion, address, or residence.
例文
Vou trocar esta camisa.
I am going to exchange this shirt.
Nós vamos mudar de cidade.
We are going to move to another city.
よくある落とし穴
For clothes, money, seats, or one object for another, trocar is usually precise. For life changes and moving house, use mudar.
文脈の中で練習する
自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はtrocarで、もう一度はmudarで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。