手早い答え
adotar は選んで採用し、assumir は責任・管理・役割を引き受けます。
確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。
それぞれの単語の働き
adotar
to adopt
Use adotar for choosing a policy, method, practice, position, name, or child as one’s own.
assumir
to assume or take on
Use assumir for accepting responsibility, a role, control, risk, or publicly stated position.
選び方
- adotar: Choose adotar if the sentence points to choosing a policy, method, practice, position, name, or child as one’s own.
- assumir: Choose assumir if the sentence points to accepting responsibility, a role, control, risk, or publicly stated position.
例文
A escola adotou um novo método.
The school adopted a new method.
Ela assumiu a direção da empresa.
She took over the management of the company.
よくある落とし穴
English “adopt a position” may be adotar uma posição; “assume a position” may be assumir um cargo. The object reveals the direction.
文脈の中で練習する
自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はadotarで、もう一度はassumirで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。