isto vs. isso vs. aquiloの違いとは？ブラジルポルトガル語の使い分け

この使い分けを、考えなくても出てくるレベルに

Falandoは、文法、語彙、音声、例文、そして間隔をあけた復習を通じてブラジルポルトガル語を教えます。だから、紛らわしいペアも当てずっぽうではなくなります。

isto・isso・aquilo は名詞を伴わず、それぞれ「ここ」「聞き手の近く」「さらに遠く」を指します。

確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。

this thing or idea

Use isto for an unidentified thing near the speaker or an idea being introduced.

that thing or idea

Use isso for an unidentified thing near the listener or something already said.

that thing over there

Use aquilo for an unidentified thing far from both people.

isto: Choose isto if the sentence points to an unidentified thing near the speaker or an idea being introduced.
isso: Choose isso if the sentence points to an unidentified thing near the listener or something already said.
aquilo: Choose aquilo if the sentence points to an unidentified thing far from both people.

O que é isto?

What is this?

Isso é verdade.

That is true.

Aquilo é uma igreja.

That over there is a church.

These forms do not change for gender or number. Before a named noun, use este, esse, or aquele instead.

自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はistoで、もう一度はissoで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。

選び方

isto: Choose isto if the sentence points to an unidentified thing near the speaker or an idea being introduced.

isso: Choose isso if the sentence points to an unidentified thing near the listener or something already said.

aquilo: Choose aquilo if the sentence points to an unidentified thing far from both people.