Meaning
To flip someone off / To give the finger
Example
O motorista deu uma banana para o guarda de trânsito e saiu acelerando.
The driver flipped off the traffic officer and sped away.
Origin
'Dar uma banana' mimics the Italian gesture ('far una banana') of striking the bent elbow with the other hand — a vulgar dismissal.
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More idioms
Acertar na moscaTo guess correctly / To hit the nail on the headAmigo da onçaA fake/false friendAndar na linhaTo toe the line / To behave properlyArmar um barracoTo cause a public sceneRodar a baianaTo cause a public scene / To go ballisticArrumar sarna pra se coçarTo ask for troubleArrastar as asasTo hit on someone / To flirtAbrir o jogoTo come clean / To open upArregaçar as mangasTo roll up one's sleeves / To get to workAgarrar com unhas e dentesTo hold on for dear life / To seize an opportunity