手早い答え
ter は所有や年齢、estar com は多くの一時的な感覚・状態を表します。
確実な見分け方は、英語から訳す前に、その単語の働きを見きわめることです。
それぞれの単語の働き
ter
to have or possess
Use ter for possessions, family relationships, age, and things that belong to someone.
estar com
to be experiencing
Use estar com for temporary physical states such as hunger, thirst, fear, heat, or a cold.
選び方
- ter: Choose ter if the sentence points to possessions, family relationships, age, and things that belong to someone.
- estar com: Choose estar com if the sentence points to temporary physical states such as hunger, thirst, fear, heat, or a cold.
例文
Eu tenho vinte anos.
I am twenty years old.
Estou com fome.
I am hungry.
よくある落とし穴
Translate the whole idea, not the English verb. “I am hungry” is estou com fome, but “I am twenty” uses tenho.
文脈の中で練習する
自分の実生活から文を一つ選び、二回書いてみましょう。一度はterで、もう一度はestar comで。どちらも成り立ちそうなら、意味の違いを言葉にしてみましょう。