Meaning
To get back at someone / To get even
Example
Ela não ficou calada, deu o troco na mesma hora.
She didn't stay quiet, she got back at him right away.
Origin
'Troco' is the small change you give back after a purchase. 'Dar o troco' = to return what is owed, often in the sense of revenge.
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More idioms
Acertar na moscaTo guess correctly / To hit the nail on the headAmigo da onçaA fake/false friendAndar na linhaTo toe the line / To behave properlyArmar um barracoTo cause a public sceneRodar a baianaTo cause a public scene / To go ballisticArrumar sarna pra se coçarTo ask for troubleArrastar as asasTo hit on someone / To flirtAbrir o jogoTo come clean / To open upArregaçar as mangasTo roll up one's sleeves / To get to workAgarrar com unhas e dentesTo hold on for dear life / To seize an opportunity